Talento de Oaxaca: Cultura, Arte y grandes líderes

17 agosto, 2019 @Walking-Around Cultura, Tradición 627

Oaxaca de Juárez, La tierra del Sol

México es un país pleno de riqueza natural y cultural, del  himno de Oaxaca: el Vals Dios Nunca Muere, compuesto en el siglo XIX por el maestro Macedonio Alcalá, cuyo esplendor llena de orgullo a la gente de esta tierra; del nacimiento y desarrollo de dos culturas prehispánicas, la Zapoteca y la Mixteca. 

Cada una de las 32 entidades es única, especial e importante a su manera. Sin embargo, Oaxaca ha sufrido discriminación a pesar de dar grandes aportes a nuestra patria. 

Si eres de este bello estado, en Walking Around, revista digital, te invitamos a sentir orgullo de origen  de esa hermosa tierra.

Pero si no naciste en Oaxaca, te invitamos a conocer la cuna del “Benemérito de las Américas”, su riqueza cultural y artística. 

La herencia de dos culturas: zapoteca y mixteca

La cultura zapoteca periodo Clásico (250 – 900 d.C.), nos heredó una de las zonas arqueológicas más importantes de nuestro país: las ruinas de Monte Albán, ubicadas en San Pedro Ixtlahuaca, cuya construcción se remonta al año 500 a.C. Además, su dialecto se mantiene con vida en gran parte de este estado.

En el periodo  Posclásico (900 – 1521 d.C), la cultura que vivía su apogeo en esta región era la Mixteca. Parte del legado cultural de los mixtecos, son sus códices, así como la labranza de  máscaras, ornamenta y joyería de Jade; también tenemos las técnicas de orfebrería y metalurgia que se pueden apreciar en los increíbles pectorales de oro que pertenecían a los mixtecos,  técnicas que presumiblemente enseñaron a los mexicas.

Oaxaca, cuna de artistas 

Oaxaca también se destaca por su participación en las Bellas Artes, especialmente en dos, música y pintura. Algunos de sus artistas más destacados son:

Miguel Mateo Maldonado y Cabrera, uno de los máximos exponentes de la pintura barroca durante el virreinato. En tiempos recientes a pintores como Rodolfo Morales, Rodolfo Nieto y Francisco Toledo; sin embargo, el pintor oaxaqueño más representativo es sin duda Rufino Tamayo, uno de los más grandes artistas mexicanos del siglo pasado.

Como anécdota, una de sus pinturas fue portada del Atlas de México, en los libros de texto gratuitos de cuarto grado de la SEP. 

Dios nunca muere

Oaxaca también nos ha deleitado con grandes compositores, intérpretes y piezas musicales que estremecen a quien las escucha. En la interpretación tenemos a dos mujeres hermosas y talentosas, Susana Harp y Lila Downs quienes cantan con orgullo música regional oaxaqueña no sólo en español, sino también en dialectos originarios de su tierra. Se agrega la cantante soprano Patricia Trujano Granados, cuya espectacular voz ha trascendido a Europa. 

Por otra parte, está el  compositor José López Alavez, quien el siglo pasado escribió la Canción Mixteca, una pieza que invade de nostalgia no sólo a los oaxaqueños, sino a todos los mexicanos que la escuchan, especialmente a aquellos que por azares del destino se encuentran lejos de la patria. 

A pesar del derroche de talento antes mencionado, 

Líderes oaxaqueños

No podemos dejar de hablar de Oaxaca sin mencionar a personajes de la historia que le demostraron al mundo increíble liderazgo y de lo que los oaxaqueños están hechos. 

Primeramente, reconocido como “El Benemérito de las Américas” tenemos a Benito Juárez, de San Pablo Guelatao, Oaxaca. Llevó a nuestro país a la Reforma. Durante su gobierno separó al Estado de la Iglesia, instauró el matrimonio como un contrato civil y repelió el intento de Napoleón III por establecer un segundo imperio encabezado por Maximiliano, entre otras acciones.

Odiado por algunos y aclamado por otros, una figura polémica con claroscuros muy marcados, Porfirio Díaz se mantuvo gobernando México durante 30 años, en un periodo histórico que lleva su nombre: Porfiriato.

Opositores al personaje anterior, tenemos a los hermanos Flores Magón, periodistas, políticos y revolucionarios originarios de Oaxaca que formaron parte crucial de la Revolución Mexicana.

Finalmente tenemos al abogado, político, escritor, educador, funcionario público y filósofo  José Vasconcelos, precursor de la educación pública y la alfabetización en México. Sus grandes aportaciones de educación y cultura le valieron que un gran número de escuelas en el país lleven su nombre, así como la Biblioteca Vasconcelos, la biblioteca pública más grande de la Ciudad de México y un recinto espectacular que alberga un acervo increíble.

Para concluir se recomienda  la canción Canto a Oaxaca, del Dueto Monterrubio, una pieza llena de orgullo hacia este bello estado.

Así que ya lo sabes, recuerda que puedes ser el próximo personaje ilustre de tu estado, no importa de donde seas tú o quienes te rodean, lo importante es que todos formamos parte de un solo y gran país. ¡Viva México!

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